8/5/2023 0 Comments Function of thebrain stem![]() Some of these nuclei and tracts traverse more than one part of the brainstem and therefore may be mentioned in more than one section of this article. As a result, they are considered and discussed as separate entities from the tectum and tegmentum.Įach part has unique gross anatomical features and houses special nuclei that are important for daily functions. This is because both structures are not a part of the primitive neural tube, but develop later in the embryological timeline. However, the crus cerebri and basilar pons (described below) are not considered as part of the ![]() Therefore the tectum is the area dorsal to the aqueduct of Sylvius (in the midbrain) and fourth ventricle (at the pons) while the tegmentum is ventral to these structures at the respective levels. The central cavity of the neural tube becomes the aqueduct of Sylvius, the fourth ventricle, and the central canal of the spinal cord. Tectum is the roof of the cavity while the tegmentum forms the ventral covering. The tectum (Latin word for roof) and tegmentum (Latin word for covering) are used in relation to the developing central cavity of the neural tube.īrainstem tectum, tegmentum and basal area (diagram) Tectum and tegmentum, but the division is actually extended caudally into other brainstem segments. The brainstem is be divided horizontally (as above) and vertically. and the midbrain is the widest and most superior segment.the pons lies anteriorly and in the middle segment of the brainstem.the medulla oblongata is the narrowest and most distal part. ![]() The brainstem is widest at its proximal end and becomes narrower toward the distal end. It continues along a slight posteroinferior course until it ends at the decussation of the pyramids (at the level of the foramen magnum of the skull). Regulate breathing, heart rate, blood pressure, consciousness, audio-visual reflexes, taste and digestion, autonomic regulation, balance and coordinationĬerebral peduncles (anteriorly) and the corpora quadrigemina or quadrigeminal plate (posteriorly) or tectal plate. Interpeduncular, Quadrigeminal, Pontine, and Cerebellomedullary cisterns Tectum – posterior to the cerebral aqueductįourth ventricle and the foramina of Luschka and Magendie Reticular formation, four cranial nerve nuclei, ascending spinal tracts, loci coeruleiĬontains the quadrigeminal plate (superior and inferior colliculi)Ĭerebral peduncles separated into crura cerebri and tegmentum Medullary tegmentum - contains the gracile and cuneate tubercles (and tracts), four cranial nerve nucleiīasilar portion - accommodates the basilar artery, corticospinal tract, corticonuclear fibers, pontine nuclei Further discussion about brainstem function will also be explored.īasilar portion - contains the pyramids (transmit the corticospinal tracts), olives (contain inferior olivary nucleus) The goal of this article is to give an overview of the brainstem and the different parts that make it up. ![]() This article will discuss the brainstem anatomy in a student-friendly mode and help you ace your neuroanatomy exams. All of these brainstem functions are enabled because of its unique anatomy since the brainstem houses cranial nerve nuclei and is a passageway for many important neural pathways. Together, they help to regulate breathing, heart rate, blood pressure, and several other important functions. Each of the three components has its own unique structure and function. The brainstem (brain stem) is the distal part of the brain that is made up of the midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata.
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